Setts



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. A. WOODS & J. R. THOMAS.

PLANING MACHINE.

Patented Au 21, 1888.

ATTORNEY.

W/T/VESSES:

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. A. WOODS & J. R. THOMAS.-

PLANING MACHINE.

s lfatented Aug 21 1888 MIA/5.985s: 'M/VE/V 0g 2 Arroklvsy,

BL PETERS. Fholcrmhogzphu. Washington. 0. c.

(N0 M0de1.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

S. A. WOODS & J. R. THOMAS.

PLANING MACHINE.

No. 388,169. Patented Aug. 21, 1888.

IIVI/E/VTO ATTORNEY,

BY X5 N PETERS. mammo ra hy. w:

Unrreo STATES ATENT rrrcn.

SOLOMON A. XVOODS AND JOHN R. THOMAS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE S. A. WVOODS MACHINE COMPANY, OF MASSACHU- SETTS.

PLANlNG=IVlACHlNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 38 dated August 1888- Applieation filed November 15, 1887. Serial No. 255,235.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, SOLOMON A. WooDs and Jot-1n R. THoMAsot' Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Planing-Machines, of which the following isa specification,

Our improvement relates to machines for planing and dressing lumber; and it consists in certain new and useful constructions and combinations of the several parts thereof,sulostantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figurel is a transverse section through the frame of a matching-machine,showing the working parts in elevation with our improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is atop plan view ofthe same. Fig.3 is an elevation of one of the matchingspindles and its attachments from the outer side of the frame,

with the latter removed to show the working parts. Fig. at is an enlarged top plan view of one of the tables of one of the matching-heads with the chip-breaker and connected parts. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the gripping-clutch shown in Fig. 8, by which the matching-spindle is adjusted and locked in place trans versely of the machine. Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the same. Fig.8 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 9 is a central vertical section of the step of one of the matehing-spindlcs. Fig.10 is a top face view of the plate of the step beneath the spindle. Fig. llis an edge View of the same. Fig.12 is an enlarged side ele vation of the stationary mouth-piece upon the feed-out side of the matcher-spiudle, showing its adjustable parts. Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 14 is a front elevation of the same.

A is a portion of the frame of a matchingmachine which carries the matching-spindles. This frame is of the ordinary construction for supporting the mechanism of the machine and willbe readily understood without further illustration. The sides of this frame are held together by the cross-girt A near their lower edges, which also serves as a guideway upon which the frames B B, which carry the boxes of the matching-spindles, are supported and (No model.)

versely of the machine. Upon the upper edges of frame A the cylindrical crossgirt A is secured parallel to girt A, and upon it the upper ends of frames B B are supported, moved, and adjusted. The matchingspindle is mounted upon the girts A A in the following manner: A frame, B, is provided with a lug, I), which projects over girt A and has a downwardly-projeeting cap, b, bolted to its rear face, which overlaps the rear face of girt A and allows frame B to slide along upon girt A, while connected thereto. The frame B is curved at its lower end horizontally and has a vertical socket formed therein to receive the step S of the spindle, which is secured in the socket by the set-screw b Upon the face of frame B, just above the step, is bolted the lower bearingboX, B, of the watcher-spindle, in which the latter revolves. The upper end of frame B is enlarged, as shown in Figs. 3, (3, 7, and 8, lon gitudinally of the machine and provided with a cylindrical hole, a, fitting the girt A so as to slide thereon, bored transversely through it. On one side of this hole the slot '0 is also made transversely through the frame B, one end of it terminating in the hole a, whence it extends first downward, next horizontally away from hole a, and thence vertically upward past the latter at a short distance there from, thus forming the metal between it and hole a on that side into a comparatively thin wall, I), supported at only one end, and capable of being sprung inward against the girt A to clamp frame B thereto. At its upper end frame Bis made with a horizontal top, and beneath the latter and opposite the wall I)" a recess, [2 is formed in it, as shown in Fig. 8. The shaft- 0 extends transversely across this recess, passing freely through its walls, and being mounted in the machine parallel with girt A. This shaft takes a bearing in the frame A where it passes through it, in which it revolves and projects beyond the frame, and is provided at its outer end with a handle, h. It also has a spline-groove, 0, running longitudi nallyin one side ofit throughout its length. In the chamber if of frame 15 and around shaft 0 is mounted the cam 0', having a feather or spline (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 6) in its bore, which fits the groove 0' in rod 0 and allows the cam to slide longitudinally upon the rod, but compels it to revolve with the latter. This cam c is of such proportions that a partial revolution of rod 0 by means of handle h will bring it against the wall I) and compress the latter against the girt A thereby binding the frame B and itsmatcher-head firmly into position and insuring freedom from vibration in the latter while in operation. The other frame, B, with its accompanying parts, is constructed similarly to the frame B and its parts above described, and the same will be understood without being repeated.

On the faces of the frames B B, near their upper ends,are bolted the upper boxes, B B, of the matching spindles O G, which are mounted in the boxes 13 B and steps S S, and are provided with pulleys P P, by which they are revolved. The frame B has a transverse hole, b, drilled and tapped with a screw-thread through it, Fig. 6, and the horizontal screwshaft 0 is fitted to this hole and journaled in the frame A where it passes through the latter. One end of it projects beyond the frame and is squared to receive a wrench to revolve it. When the cam-grip upon girt A is loos ened, the frame B may be adjusted to any desired position transversely of the machine and the cam-grip again tightened, thus preventing the frame B from moving on account of the backlash of the screw 0 in the frame.

On top of the frame B is attached the table of the matcher-head and the chip-breaker, in the following manner: The table D, Fig. 4, of the matcher-head is bolted or clamped firmly upon the flat upper surface of frame B. This table has an aperture,d,cut vertically through it, through which the matcher-spindle 0 projects upward to receive the cutter-head. A circular countersink or depression, cl, is formed in the top of the table to receive the lower collar of the cutter-head and bring the cut of the knives down to the level of the table-top. A piece of hardened steel, d, is let into the side of the table-top, over which the lumber passes, to resist the wear of the latter. Upon the pivot d fixed vertically in the table-top,-

the chip-breaker E is pivoted to swing horizontally, being held in place by a nut upon the pivot above it, as shown. This chipbreaker has a piece of hardened steel, 6 set into the vertical face at its outer end, against which the lumber bears upon the feed-in side of the cutter-head. This chip-breaker E is formed of two parts or sections, 6' 6 which are so shaped, as shown in Fig. 4., that when united, as hereinafter described,the inner surfaces thereof adjacent to the cutter-head form a curved or circular line around the cuttingknives. One of the members, 6, at its curved inner end is pivoted upon the pivot d before mentioned, and its opposite end being enlarged, as shown in Fig. 4, is upon the under side thereof provided with a straight groove to receive ashank upon the heel end of the other part, 6 which fits and slides in the slot and close to the cut of the knives.

renders the chip-breaker extensible and contractile. Through the member 0, above the shank of the other one, avertical straight slot, 0, is made, extending through a portion of its length, and through which the screw-bolt 6 passes downward into the member 0 into the shank of which it is tapped by ascrew-thread. By screwing down the bolt e the two members e e of the chip-breaker are firmly secured together in any desired position. The construction and arrangement of the members 6 e of the chip-breaker, as above described, enable the member 6 to be moved within the slot and groove in the part c in such manner that by an adjustment of the part c the diameter of the space within the curve of the entire chipbreaker may be enlarged, and thereby permit of a greater projection of the knives of the cutter-head when an increased size of the knives is desired, while at the same time the outer end of the part e, with its steel piece e thereon, is permitted to bear upon the lumber In order to insure that the telescoping parts of these members shall not slide together and allow the free end of the chip breaker to get into the path of the knives, a safety set-screw, e, is tapped horizontally through the rear wall of the member e, so as to enter the slot e and bear against the shank of screw-bolt 6 By setting up this set-screw against the bolt the stability of the parts is insured.

The chip-breaker is held up to its work against the lumber in the following manner: On the lower side of the member e is formed a downward projection, 6 which is in the shape of a bar set longitudinally thereon, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4. This bar projects downward from that part of e whichoverhangs the outer side of table D. In this bar is tapped horizontally a set-screw, e the point of which bears against the outer edge of table D'and serves to regulate the forward swing of the chip-breaker toward the path of the cutterhead knives. On the corner of table D an ear, (1, is formed, which projects outward. therefrom, and upon the lower face of this ear a lever, m, is pivoted by the pivot d. On the upper face of lever m an upwardly-projecting stud, m, carrying the roller-sleeve m is attached so as to lap past behind bar e upon the chip breaker. The function of the rollersleeve m is to relieve stud m of friction when the chip-breaker is pressed back to the position shown by the dotted lines in Figs. 4 and 5, carrying the lever m back with it, as similarly shown. In this movement roller-sleeve m traverses longitudinally along projection e of the chip-breaker, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 4:. To the outer and free end of the lever m a cord, m is attached, which passes over the pulley m, which is journaled in the bifurcation of an ear attached to the lowerinside corner of table D, and has the weight M attached to its other end. This weight holds the chip-breaker up to its work against the board and constitutes it ayielding mouth-piece upon the feed-in side of the matcher-head. As shown in Fig. 2, the part oftable D carrying weight M overhangs the upper end of frame B, to which the table is attached, thus allowing space for the construction above described. The advantage of this construction is that as the matcher-head takes a deeper cut into the edge of the board and the chip-breaker is correspondingly pressed back, as shown by the dotted lines, the pressure of lever m upon the latter is increased and the movement of the weight M up and down is small as compared with the movement of the chip-breaker horizontally.

The mouth-piece upon the feed-out side of the matcher-head is shown in connection with spindle C, it being left off from the table D for the sake of clearness in showing the other parts.

A groove, n, Figs. 2 and 4, is formed in the top of tables D and D transversely to the direction of passage of the lumber through the machine. The sliding block a has a tongue, n which fits into this groove, Figs. 2, 3, 12, 13, and 14. A hole, n, is tapped through table D or D in the bottom of the groove 'n. A screw-bolt, 01*, passes through an elongated vertical hole or slot (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 13) in block it into this hole, the cap plate a resting upon block a under the bolthead. By loosening screw-bolt a the block a may be moved to and from the path of the lumber, and by tightening it secured in any desired position. In the face of block a a horizontal groove is made, into which the tongue 0 of plate 0 fits and allows the latter to slide horizontally. This plate 0 is beveled at the end next the cutter-head to correspond with the path of the knives, as shown in Figs. 2 and 13, and is held to the block 77/ by the screw-bolt 0, which passes through a horizontally-elongated hole in the block (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 14) and is screw-threaded into a hole in plate 0. By loosening the screwbolt 0 the plate 0 may he slid upon block a nearer to or farther from the path of the cutters, and there secured by setting up the bolt, thus adjusting it to form a wider or narrower throat for the cutters, while by moving block a back and forth a deeper or lighter cut of the knives is provided for. On the outer face of plate 0 a vertical groove is formed,in which the tongue 1- of the block 1' is fitted to guide the latterin sliding up and down. The screw bolt '2 passes through a vertically-elongated hole or slot, 1", in block 1" and is tappedinto plate 0, and is employed to adjust and secure block 7" upon plate 0 at the height desired. Block 1" projects outward horizontally over the lumber passing the cutter-head,and, bearing upon its upper surface,holds it steadily upon the bed D while the matching-cut ters act upon it. To facilitate this action the lower face of the block is rounded, as shown most clearly in face view in Fig. 14., to enable the lumber to pass beneath it with as little friction as possible. The block r may be omitted, if desired; but by our construction it is placed quite near to the cut of the knives and where it will perform the most efficient service. \Vhether used with or without the block r, the mouth-piece plate 0 is capable of easy adjustment to any desired position by mechanism of simple and condensed form,occupying little space upon table D. All the adjusting screw-bolts are also accessible from such directions as to be manipulated without interfering with the knives of theyerticalcutter-head.

The spindle step S is made in the following manner: A cap, 8, fits into the top of the step, and is made dishing on top to receive the oil which may run down the spindle G from the bearing B above it. This cap may he slid upward upon the spindle to introduce oil into the step. Below the cap 8 a chamber, 8, is formed around the spindle, and a second chamber, 8 of smaller diameter than the spindle, is formed beneath the latter for the oil, Figs. 9, 10, and 11. The spindle G is made flat or square upon its lower end,and below it and over the chamber 8 a flat plate of metal, 8 is introduced, upon which the spindle rests. This plate has a hole, 8*, made vertically through its center, and slots or grooves s 8 in its edge and lower surface, connecting the chambers s and 8 around the exterior of plate 8. As the spindle O revolves, it draws the oil up through the central hole, 8*, from the chamber 5', and the centrifugal force generated by its rotation carries outward a sheet of oil from this central hole between the spindle and plate 8 On reaching the outer edge'of the plate the oil flows downward through the slots into the chamber 8" again, thus always providing a supply of oil in the latter. Only one groove 5 may be used; but we prefer to use a greaternumber and make them of less size.

Instead of attaching the weight M to lever in to press the latter against the chip-breaker, a coil-spring may be used, attached to the lever at one end and to the bracket of pulley m at the other, so as to be stretched and exert its tension when the lever is drawn out to the position shown by the dotted lines; but we prefer the weight, as the spring loses its elasticity by long use to some extent, while the weight is constant and exerts the same pull upon the lever in all positions.

It will be observed that the telescoping joint which unites the members e e of the chipbreaker allows them to be extended or closed upon each other, so that as the chip-breaker is adjusted in and out in the groove and slot, as shown and described, it shall move outward away from the cutter-head bodily, and that this joint is upon the same side of the spindle O, opposite the path of the work, as the pivot d, on which the chip-breaker swings, so as to permit of the adjustment of the member 6" of the chip-breaker in a line parallel with the movement of the lumber being operated upon.

This construct-ion of these parts leaves the curve of the entire chipbreaker around the cutter comparatively smooth and unbroken on its internal vertical wall and affords no depressions 0r recesses therein for the collection of chips, dirt, &c., the same being carried out from between the chip-breaker and cutters by the currents of air blowing against this smooth surface generated by the rotation of the cutter-head.

The arrangement of the pressing-lever m with the extensible chip-breaker is also highly advantageous, as the lever taking its bearing directly against the chip breaker, the extension or contraction of one member, 6 6 upon the other does not interfere with the pressure mechanism, as would be the case if the lever were attached positively to the chip-breaker.

What we claim as new and of our invention 1. The combination of the frame B, the matcher spindle 0, carried thereby and supported and sliding transversely upon the girt A, and having the hole or hearing a, which encompasses the girt, made compressible by being slotted through one side, and the cam 0 mounted in and moving with said frame B and arranged to compress said bearing around said girt and secure said frame thereto in the desired position, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the frame B, the matcher-spindle 0, carried thereby and supported and sliding transversely upon the girt A and having the hole or hearing a which encompasses the girt, made compressible by being slotted through one side, the revoluble shaft a, mounted in afixed position in the main frame A and provided with aspline-groove lengthwise thereof, and the cam 0 mounted in and moving with said frame B around and along said revoluble shaft and provided with a spline to fit the groove in thelatter, and arranged to compress said bearing around said girt and secure said frame thereto in the desired position by turning shaft a, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the cutter-head spindle O, the chip-breaker E, partly surrounding the same and swinging upon its pivot 01", the lever m, swinging upon its fulcrum d and taking a bearing behind and against said chipbreaker, and the cord m and weight M, connected to said lever and arranged to press it against said chip-breaker, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the cutter-head spindle O, the chip-breaker E, partly surrounding the same and swinging upon its pivot of, the lever m, swinging upon its fulcrum-pivot d and projecting therefrom along the chip breaker toward pivot d and taking a bearing behind and against said chip-breaker between pivots d and d, and pressure-producing mechanism connected to the outer end of said lever and arranged to give it a yielding pressure against said chip-breaker, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the cutter-head spindle O, the chip-breaker E, partly surrounding the same and swinging upon its pivot of, the lever m, swinging upon its fulcrum-pivot d and projecting therefrom along the chipbreaker toward pivot (1 and taking a bearing behind and against said chip-breaker between pivots d and d, and the cord m and weight M, connected to said lever and arranged to press it against the chi p-breaker,substantially as described.

6. The combination of the cutter-head spin= dle Oand the chip-breaker E, partly surrounding the same, swinging upon its pivot d in a plane transverse to the axis of the spindle O, and formed of two members or parts united together by a telescoping or sliding joint opening and closing longitudinally of the chip; breaker and located upon the same side of the spindle G as pivot (1 opposite the path of the work,whereby the extension of the members upon each other enlarges the diameter of the space within the curve of the interior of the ehip'breaker, substantially as described.-

7. The combination of the cutter-head spindle G, the chip-breaker E, partly surrounding the same, swinging upon its pivot 61', and formed of two members, 6 6, made longitudinally extensible one upon the other, the lever m, swinging upon its fulcruinpivot d and taking a bearing behind and against said chipbreaker, and pressure producing mechanism connected to said lever and arranged to press it against said chip breaker, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the cutter-head spindle G, the horizontal table D, provided with the transverse groove a, the block it, having the tongue of sliding therein transversely to the path of the lumber and adjustably secured thereto, and provided with the horizontal groove across its face, and the plate 0, provided with the tongue 0, sliding in said horizontal groove, adjustably secured to said block, and having a vertical edge presented to the path of the cutters, forming therewith a throat or mouth-piece against the lumber, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the cutter-head spindle G, the horizontal table D, provided with the transverse groove a, the block a, having the tongue a sliding therein transversely to the path of the lumber and adj ustablyseeured therein, and the block 7, provided with tongue 0", fitting and sliding vertically in a groove connected to the outer face of block a, and arranged with a presser foot or shoe at its lower end adapted to bear upon the top of the lumber while the cutter-head is acting upon its edge, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the chttenhead spindle 0, formed with a fiat lower end, the step S, provided with the upper chamber, s,which IlO receives the Spindle, and the lower central chamber, 8 of smaller diameter than and beneath the spindle, and the plate s, provided with the central hole, a, and one or more grooves, 8 in one surface and edge and arranged in said step with said grooves downward to form the rest for the end of the spindle, and the cover for oil-chamber s", substantially as described.

SOLOMON A. WOODS. JOHN B. THOMAS, Witnesses:

N. P. OOKINGTON, DAVID HALL R1013. 

